Israel as “God’s People”: What the Bible Really Means
Apr 29, 2026
Israel as “God’s People”:
What the Bible Really Means
By Michael J. Vlach
Professor of Theology, Shepherds Theological Seminary, Cary, NC
Is the nation of Israel still God’s people? Many Christians today answer no. Some argue that the New Testament has redefined the people of God so that only those who believe in Jesus belong to God’s people.
Scripture clearly teaches that salvation and a right relationship with God come through faith. This pattern appears in Abraham himself: “Then he believed in the LORD; and He reckoned it to him as righteousness” (Gen. 15:6). The New Testament appeals to this same event when explaining salvation. Paul points to Abraham’s faith in Romans 4 and Galatians 3 to show that righteousness has always been granted on the basis of faith rather than human effort.
Yet the Bible also uses the language of “God’s people” in another sense. At times it refers not only to individuals who belong to God through faith, but also to a particular nation that God has chosen for a role within His historical purposes.
That nation is Israel—an ethnic, national, and territorial people descended from Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. While salvation for individuals always requires faith, Scripture consistently portrays Israel as a nation chosen by God for a unique role in His unfolding purposes.
For this reason the concept of the “people of God” must be understood in two related but distinct senses. First, there is a national, historical, and functional sense referring to Israel as a people chosen by God for specific roles in His purposes. Second, there is a salvific sense referring to those who belong to God through faith and who therefore share in His saving blessings.
Most Christians readily affirm the second sense—that salvation comes through faith in Christ. The greater confusion today concerns the first. Does Israel as a nation still serve as God’s people within His historical purposes? This article addresses that question by examining the role Scripture assigns to Israel as God’s people.
What Israel as God’s People Does Not Mean
But before considering what it means for Israel to be called God’s people, several common misunderstandings must first be addressed. Clarifying these issues helps prevent confusion about the role Scripture assigns to Israel within God’s purposes for the world.
First, describing Israel as God’s people does not mean that every Israelite throughout history is saved or stands in a right relationship with God simply because of ethnic identity. Scripture consistently teaches that salvation comes through faith.
Second, it does not mean that Jewish people can be saved apart from faith in Jesus the Messiah. Like all people, Jewish individuals must believe in Christ for the forgiveness of sins.
Third, it does not imply that God loves Jewish people more than He loves other peoples. The biblical storyline ultimately points toward God’s blessings extending to all peoples and nations.
Finally, recognizing Israel’s place in God’s historical purposes should not be confused with uncritical support for the modern State of Israel. It does not require Christians to endorse every policy or decision of the Israeli government, nor does it mean that the modern nation of Israel is morally superior to other nations or that its actions cannot be questioned.
Clarifying these points helps ensure that the biblical teaching about Israel’s role in God’s purposes is understood accurately.
Grasping the Bigger Picture
As we now consider Israel’s role as God’s people, an important perspective must be kept in mind, one that is often missed but is crucial for getting this issue right. God’s purposes in Scripture include individual salvation, but they are not limited to it. The Bible certainly proclaims the necessity of personal faith and the forgiveness of sins. Belonging to God’s people in a saving sense is inseparably connected with faith. Yet the storyline of Scripture reaches beyond individual spiritual salvation alone. God’s purposes also involve nations, peoples, and ultimately the renewal of creation itself.
God’s saving work is therefore personal, but it is also historical, corporate, and cosmic in scope. Scripture anticipates a future in which God reigns over the nations and restores creation itself. When this broader biblical picture is recognized, it becomes easier to understand why God might choose to work through a nation in accomplishing His purposes for the world.
For this reason readers must be careful not to assume that every reference to “God’s people” refers only to spiritually saved individuals. While that dimension is certainly present, Scripture also speaks of God working through a nation.
Israel’s National Calling as God’s People
Throughout Scripture the Lord repeatedly refers to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—Israel—as His people. Expressions such as “My people,” “His people,” “the people of the LORD,” and “My people Israel” appear hundreds of times across the Old Testament. When these references are considered together, the pattern is evident. Scripture consistently identifies Israel as a people belonging to God. Israel’s identity as God’s people was a defining element of their national calling and covenant relationship with Him.
Concerning Israel, God declared, “I will also walk among you and be your God, and you shall be My people” (Lev. 26:12).
Israel’s identity was also rooted in divine election: “For you are a holy people to the LORD your God; the LORD your God has chosen you to be a people for His own possession out of all the peoples who are on the face of the earth” (Deut. 7:6).
Later Moses affirmed the same truth: “The LORD has today declared you to be His people, a treasured possession, as He promised you” (Deut. 26:18). Israel stood among the nations as a people uniquely belonging to the Lord.
The Psalms celebrate this same reality. “For the LORD has chosen Jacob for Himself, Israel for His own possession” (Ps. 135:4). The Davidic covenant likewise affirms the enduring relationship between God and the nation, declaring that the Lord established “Your people Israel as Your own people forever” (2 Sam. 7:24).
The prophets continue this theme while linking it to Israel’s future restoration. In Jeremiah’s promise of the New Covenant, the Lord declares, “I will be their God, and they shall be My people” (Jer. 31:33). Jeremiah also ties Israel’s continuing status before God to the stability of the created order itself. As long as the fixed order of the sun, moon, and stars endures, Israel will continue as a nation before Him (Jer. 31:35–37).
When the New Testament opens, this expectation concerning Israel remains. The birth narratives in Luke present the coming of Jesus as the fulfillment of God’s promises to Israel. Mary praises God because “He has given help to Israel His servant, In remembrance of His mercy, As He spoke to our fathers, To Abraham and his descendants forever” (Luke 1:54–55). Zechariah likewise rejoices that God “has visited us and accomplished redemption for His people,” remembering “His holy covenant, The oath which He swore to Abraham our father” (Luke 1:68–73). Simeon later declares that the Messiah will bring “the glory of Your people Israel” (Luke 2:32).
The apostles continue to affirm this perspective. Paul directly rejects the idea that God has abandoned Israel, writing, “God has not rejected His people whom He foreknew” (Rom. 11:1–2). Peter likewise addresses Israelites in Jerusalem as “sons of the prophets and of the covenant which God made with your fathers” (Acts 3:25).
The book of Revelation continues to recognize Israel’s national identity. This final book of the Bible speaks explicitly of the “twelve tribes of the sons of Israel,” from whom 144,000 are sealed in the last days (Rev. 7:4–8). It also portrays Israel symbolically in the vision of the woman who gives birth to the Messiah and faces persecution from the dragon (Rev. 12:1–6, 13–17). In addition, Jerusalem remains central to the drama of the end times (Rev. 11:1–13).
Scripture consistently affirms Israel’s national calling as the people whom God has chosen. This identity runs through the entire biblical storyline and forms an essential foundation for understanding God’s purposes in history.
Significantly, nowhere does Scripture indicate that Israel’s national identity as God’s people will cease or be replaced by another people. The biblical writers never suggest that the nation’s role as God’s people will expire or be transformed into a purely spiritual community detached from the nation itself. Instead, the consistent expectation of Scripture is that Israel will continue as a nation before the Lord.
Israel’s Unique Election Among the Nations
Israel’s identity as God’s people is unique among the nations. God selected Israel to serve a special role in His purposes for the world.
This principle appears early in Abraham’s own family. When Isaac’s wife Rebekah was pregnant with twins, the Lord revealed that what was happening inside her involved more than two children. God told her, “Two nations are in your womb” and that “the older shall serve the younger” (Gen. 25:23).
This prophecy pointed beyond the twins themselves to the peoples who would come from them. Jacob would become the father of Israel, and Esau would become the father of Edom. God’s covenant purposes would move forward through Jacob rather than Esau. The issue, then, was not simply which brother God favored. It concerned the future direction of nations. Jacob, and the nation that would come from him, was chosen for a special role in God’s unfolding plan.
Centuries later, when Israel became a nation at Mount Sinai, Moses reminded them that their existence as God’s people was the result of divine election. Israel was “a holy people to the LORD your God,” chosen “to be a people for His own possession out of all the peoples who are on the face of the earth” (Deut. 7:6). This choice was not based on Israel’s strength or size. In fact, Moses emphasized that Israel was “the fewest of all peoples.” Their election rested instead on the Lord’s love and His faithfulness to the promises He had sworn to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (Deut. 7:7–8).
The prophets reaffirmed the uniqueness of Israel’s relationship with God. Speaking to the nation during a time of spiritual decline, the Lord declared through Amos, “You only have I chosen among all the families of the earth” (Amos 3:2). Even in a context of rebuke, the prophet assumed Israel’s distinctive status among the nations.
The New Testament reflects on this same history. In Romans 9:6–13 Paul addressed the troubling question of Israel’s unbelief and explains that God’s purposes have not failed. God’s covenant plan has always advanced through a particular line that He Himself determines.
Paul first points to the selection of Isaac over Ishmael. Although both were sons of Abraham, God declared that “through Isaac your descendants will be named” (Rom. 9:7). The covenant line would continue through Isaac. Paul then turns to Jacob and Esau. Before the twins were born—before they had done anything good or bad—God declared that “the older will serve the younger” (Rom. 9:11–12, citing Gen. 25:23). This decision rested on “God’s purpose according to His choice,” not on human merit or achievement. The example illustrates the broader principle that God determined Israel—not Edom or any other nation—to be the people through whom His covenant purposes would advance. For those who object to this, Paul responds with a sobering reminder: “On the contrary, who are you, O man, who answers back to God?” (Rom. 9:20).
These passages show that Israel’s place in the biblical storyline rests on God’s deliberate choice. Scripture consistently portrays Israel as the nation God selected from among all the families of the earth to carry forward His covenant promises and purposes in history.
National Israel’s Global Purpose
Israel’s election in Scripture was never meant to terminate on the nation itself. God chose Israel as the means through which His blessings would reach the world.
This global purpose appears in the Abrahamic Covenant. God promised Abraham that he would become a great nation and that “in you all the families of the earth will be blessed” (Gen. 12:2–3). As Genesis unfolds, this promise becomes increasingly connected with Abraham’s descendants. The Lord told Isaac that “by your descendants all the nations of the earth shall be blessed” (Gen. 26:4), and He later declared to Jacob that “in you and in your descendants shall all the families of the earth be blessed” (Gen. 28:14). In this way the promise moves from Abraham himself to the covenant line that would become the nation of Israel. Early on, Israel was chosen not merely for its own sake but as the channel through which God would extend blessing to the nations.
Israel’s role in this plan became clearer at Sinai. The Lord declared that Israel would be His “own possession among all the peoples” and “a kingdom of priests and a holy nation” (Exod. 19:5–6). A priest represents God before others, and Israel’s national calling involved this mediating role among the nations. Israel was to live in covenant faithfulness so that the surrounding peoples could see the character and wisdom of Israel’s God. As Moses explained, when the nations observed Israel’s statutes they would say, “Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people” (Deut. 4:6). Through Israel’s life, law, and worship, the nations were meant to gain knowledge of the true God.
In this way Israel often functioned as a visible example of God’s dealings with humanity. In many respects the nation stood as a vanguard of the nations, experiencing God’s covenant blessings and judgments in advance so that the world could see how the Lord governs human history. The blessings that followed obedience and the judgments that followed disobedience displayed God’s justice and faithfulness before the watching world. Moses even foretold that foreign nations would observe Israel’s devastation and ask, “Why has the LORD done thus to this land? Why this great outburst of anger?” (Deut. 29:24).
Yet judgment was not the final word. God also promised that Israel’s future restoration would reveal His holiness to the world: “I will vindicate the holiness of My great name… Then the nations will know that I am the LORD” (Ezek. 36:23).
The Psalms also reflect this outward-looking purpose. Psalm 67 celebrates God’s blessing upon Israel but immediately connects that blessing with the salvation of the nations: “God be gracious to us and bless us… That Your way may be known on the earth, Your salvation among all nations” (Ps. 67:1–2). God’s favor toward His people was never intended to remain within Israel alone. It was meant to spread the knowledge of His saving power across the earth. A similar theme appears in Balaam’s oracle, which echoes the Abrahamic promise: “Blessed is everyone who blesses you, And cursed is everyone who curses you” (Num. 24:9). Israel’s standing with God would affect the destiny of the nations.
The prophets reaffirm this same global purpose. In Isaiah 49:6 the Lord declares that His servant will not only restore the tribes of Jacob but will also become “a light of the nations So that My salvation may reach to the end of the earth.” Israel’s story, therefore, was always connected to the salvation of the world. Through Israel would come God’s revelation, His covenant promises, and ultimately the Messiah Himself.
Israel’s election was never designed to serve Israel alone. God chose this nation to be the instrument through which His truth would be revealed, His salvation would be proclaimed, and His Messiah would bring blessing to all peoples. Israel stands at the center of God’s historical plan not as the final destination of His purposes but as the channel through which His blessing flows to the entire world.
The Ways Israel Blesses the Nations
Israel possesses a unique national calling within God’s purposes. But how does this calling manifest itself?
First, Israel served as the vehicle for the Scriptures. Paul states in Romans 3:1–2 that the Jews were entrusted with “the oracles of God.” Through Israel came the written revelation of God. The Law, the Prophets, and the Writings were preserved and transmitted through this nation. In this sense Israel functioned as the instrument and guardian of divine revelation for the world.
Second, in an otherwise dark and lost world, Israel was meant to display the glory and wisdom of God before the nations. According to Deuteronomy 4:6–8, Israel’s covenant relationship with the Lord and the righteousness of God’s laws were meant to attract the attention of surrounding peoples. The nations were supposed to look at Israel and recognize the greatness of Israel’s God.
Third, Israel served as the human lineage through which the Messiah came. Paul highlights this greatest privilege of Israel in Romans 9:4–5 when he states that from Israel came “the Christ according to the flesh.” The covenants, the promises, and the royal line of David all moved history toward the appearance of the Messiah. Jesus entered the world through a particular nation that God had prepared across centuries.
Fourth, Israel will be the geographical center of Messiah’s future kingdom of God on earth when He rules the nations. Old Testament prophecy repeatedly identifies Jerusalem and the land of Israel as the focal point of the Messiah’s reign. Isaiah 2 portrays the nations streaming to Jerusalem to learn the ways of the Lord. Isaiah 65 describes renewed conditions in the land during the Messiah’s reign. Isaiah 19 even speaks of a day when former enemies such as Egypt and Assyria will worship the Lord together with Israel, and Israel will be “a blessing in the midst of the earth” (Isa. 19:24).
The New Testament echoes this expectation. Paul says that Israel’s future “fullness” will bring greater riches to the world and will be like “life from the dead” for humanity (Rom. 11:12, 15). Peter likewise links Israel’s future repentance with the coming renewal of the world. In Acts 3:19–21 he calls Israel to repent so that “times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord,” and so that God may send the Messiah, leading to “the period of restoration of all things about which God spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets.”
In the biblical storyline, Israel is therefore tied to the earthly setting of the kingdom that will bring peace and renewal to the world.
Through these roles Israel becomes the instrument through which God’s revelation, light, salvation, and kingdom purposes reach the nations.
A National Calling That Requires Faith
If Israel is the people of God, how can this be reconciled with the fact that many Israelites throughout history have lived in unbelief? How can Israel be called “God’s people” when large portions of the nation have often failed to live righteously?
The answer lies in a distinction that Scripture itself repeatedly makes. Israel was chosen as a nation for a unique role in God’s purposes for the world. This election concerns the role Israel plays in God’s plan within history. Yet this national calling never meant or required that every individual Israelite was automatically saved, nor that every generation of Israel would live in faithfulness to God. Salvation, for Israelites or anyone else, has always required faith.
Israel’s election was tied to God’s larger purposes for the world and the blessing of the nations. Through Abraham’s descendants God revealed Himself, preserved the Scriptures, and brought the Messiah into the world. Through that Messiah He brings salvation and ultimately blessings to the nations in a coming kingdom on earth. This calling explains why Israel occupies a central place in the biblical storyline even when many within the nation live in unbelief.
At the same time, Scripture consistently teaches that physical descent from Abraham does not guarantee salvation. Paul states this plainly: “For they are not all Israel who are descended from Israel” (Rom. 9:6). True standing before God therefore involves more than ethnic identity. As Paul explains, “he is not a Jew who is one outwardly… but he is a Jew who is one inwardly” (Rom. 2:28–29). In this way Scripture distinguishes between Israel as a nation and those within national Israel who truly belong to God through faith. Paul refers to such faithful members of Israel as the “Israel of God” (Gal. 6:16). Faith has always been the decisive factor.
Jesus Himself confronted the assumption that physical descent from Abraham guaranteed a right relationship with God. He told Israel’s leaders that if they were truly Abraham’s children, they would reflect Abraham’s faith (John 8:39–44). Abraham himself provides the model. Genesis declares that “he believed in the Lord; and He reckoned it to him as righteousness” (Gen. 15:6).
The New Testament continues this emphasis. Paul explains that Abraham was justified by faith before he was circumcised so that he might become “the father of all who believe,” both Jew and Gentile (Rom. 4:10–12). In this way the blessing promised to Abraham comes through faith, so that all who trust in the Messiah share in the blessing of justification (Gal. 3:6–9).
This pattern appears throughout Israel’s history. After the Lord delivered Israel from Egypt, the people responded in faith: “the people feared the Lord, and they believed in the Lord and in His servant Moses” (Exod. 14:31). Yet later generations often fell into unbelief. Throughout these fluctuations there were both faithful and unfaithful Israelites.
The prophets repeatedly called the nation to repentance, confronting widespread disobedience and unbelief. Even in times of national failure, however, God preserved a believing remnant within Israel. Through this remnant His purposes for the nation continued from generation to generation. Paul highlights this pattern when he explains that God preserves “a remnant according to God’s gracious choice” (Rom. 11:5; cf. Rom. 11:2–10).
Israel’s failures therefore did not cancel the role God assigned to them. Though the nation often acted in rebellion, these failures never removed the national calling God placed upon them. As Paul states, “the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable” (Rom. 11:29). This enduring calling explains why Israel still has a future in God’s plan.
The prophets looked ahead to a future time when the nation itself will turn to the Lord in faith. Isaiah speaks of a coming Redeemer who will remove Israel’s sin (Isa. 59:20–21), and Zechariah describes a day when the people of Jerusalem will “look on Me whom they have pierced” and mourn in repentance (Zech. 12:10). Drawing on these promises, Paul declares that a future generation of Israel will turn to the Lord and be saved (Rom. 11:26). At that moment Israel’s historical calling and the necessity of faith converge: the nation chosen for a unique role in God’s plan will finally embrace its Messiah and share in the blessings promised to Abraham.
Thus, Israel’s national calling never eliminated the necessity of faith. Individual Israelites must believe, just as Abraham believed. Yet God’s covenant purposes for the nation remain certain. The prophets foresaw a day when Israel will again turn to the Lord in faith and experience the full realization of God’s promises.
Recognizing this distinction resolves much confusion. Israel can remain God’s chosen nation within His historical purposes even when many Israelites live in unbelief, while participation in salvation still requires the faith emphasized throughout Scripture.
Israel’s Corporate Role Now and in the Future
Few Christians question that Israel played a central role in God’s purposes in the past. The Old Testament repeatedly presents Israel as the nation through whom God revealed His law, preserved the Scriptures, and brought the Messiah into the world.
The real question, though, concerns the present and the future. Does Israel still have a role in God’s purposes today? Or did Israel’s significance come to an end once Jesus arrived and the gospel began to spread among the nations?
The New Testament itself addresses this question. Romans 11 speaks directly to the issue and reveals that Israel continues to have a corporate role within God’s purposes.
In this chapter Paul speaks of Israel not merely as scattered individuals but as a corporate people whose condition and destiny remain significant within God’s redemptive plan.
Israel’s Current Role
Paul first stresses that Israel’s rejection is neither complete nor permanent. God has preserved a believing remnant within the nation (Rom. 11:1–5). At the same time, a partial hardening has come upon much of Israel (Rom. 11:7–10). Yet this hardening is not meaningless. God is using Israel’s stumbling to advance His saving purposes among the nations. As Paul writes, “by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles” (Rom. 11:11). In this way Israel’s present condition has become a means through which the gospel has spread to the world. Paul explains that Israel’s transgression has brought “riches for the world” and their failure has brought “riches for the Gentiles” (Rom. 11:12). During this period of Israel’s widespread unbelief, the message of salvation has moved outward into the nations. Thus, even while the nation is largely unrepentant, God is using Israel’s present condition for the blessing of the world. But this is not the end of the story.
Israel’s Future Role
Paul then points to a future development that will bring even greater blessing to the world. If Israel’s “transgression” means “riches for the world,” how much greater will the blessing be when Israel’s “fullness” comes (Rom. 11:12). Paul later describes this future moment in dramatic terms. Israel’s future “acceptance,” he says, will mean nothing less than “life from the dead” (Rom. 11:15). Near the end of the chapter he declares that this turning of the nation will occur when “all Israel will be saved” (Rom. 11:26). This salvation refers to Israel as a corporate entity, fulfilling the promise of Isaiah 59:20–21 that a Deliverer would come to remove ungodliness from Jacob. Israel’s long pattern of corporate unbelief will one day give way to national salvation.
So then, in the present age Israel’s widespread unbelief has resulted in the spread of the gospel among the nations and the spiritual blessings this entails. In the future, however, Israel’s restoration and salvation will bring even greater blessing to the world when Jesus returns and reigns over the earth.
Romans 11 reinforces a key theme of the biblical storyline: Israel continues to function as a people through whom God advances His purposes in history. Even during a period of national unbelief the nation plays a role in the spread of the gospel. When Israel turns to its Messiah, the resulting restoration will become a powerful means through which God brings even more blessings to the nations.
How Christians Today Should View Israel as God’s People
How should Christians today understand Israel as God’s people? The answer begins by recognizing that the “people of God” concept includes more than one dimension. On the one hand, there is a national, historical, and functional role that belongs uniquely to the nation of Israel, even when the people is unrepentant. On the other hand, Scripture teaches that a saving relationship with God comes through personal faith. Recognizing this distinction helps explain how Paul can insist that faith is necessary to belong to God’s family (Gal. 3) while still referring to Israel—even in a state of unbelief—as God’s people (Rom. 11:1–2).
Recognizing Israel’s historical role must also be paired with an honest awareness of Israel’s present unbelief. The apostle Paul felt the weight of this deeply. Speaking of his fellow Israelites, he declared that he could wish himself “accursed, separated from Christ for the sake of my brethren” (Rom. 9:3). In the book of Acts Paul repeatedly appealed to Jewish audiences to believe in Jesus as the Messiah (Acts 26; 28). The gospel must therefore be proclaimed to unbelieving Israelites just as it is proclaimed to all peoples.
At the same time, Israel’s unbelief is not total. Paul reminds readers that “there has also come to be at the present time a remnant according to God’s gracious choice” (Rom. 11:5). Throughout history God has preserved Jewish believers within the nation.
Christians should therefore affirm the dual status of Israel described by Paul in Romans 11:28–29. In relation to the gospel, Israel presently stands opposed, yet because of God’s choice and His promises to the patriarchs, the nation remains beloved. As Paul concludes, “the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable.”
Christians must also avoid any posture of arrogance toward Israel. The olive tree imagery in Romans 11 clarifies the attitude believers should have. Gentile Christians are described as branches grafted into the rich root of God’s covenant blessings, while the natural branches represent Israel. This reality should produce humility and gratitude. For this reason Paul warns Gentile believers, “do not be arrogant toward the branches” (Rom. 11:18).
We should also look forward to Israel’s future restoration. Paul declares that a time will come when “all Israel will be saved” (Rom. 11:26), when the nation will turn to its Messiah and experience the fulfillment of God’s covenant promises.
Recognizing Israel as God’s people does not mean that Christians must endorse every political decision or military action of the modern state of Israel. Like all nations, Israel should be evaluated by the moral standards revealed in Scripture and by what is rightly expected of any nation. At the same time, Christians should acknowledge Israel’s continuing unique role in God’s historical plan, affirm the Jewish people’s right to exist and flourish as a nation, and recognize their historic connection to the land promised in the Abrahamic Covenant.
Christians should therefore approach Israel with both realism and hope. Realism acknowledges the nation’s present unbelief. Hope rests in the enduring purposes of God, who has not rejected His people and who will one day bring Israel to faith in the Messiah.
Learn More
For a fuller treatment of Israel’s role from Genesis to Revelation, see my book Israel in the Bible’s Storyline. In that study I trace Israel’s identity, mission, failure, preservation, and future restoration across the entire biblical narrative, showing why Israel remains essential for understanding God’s purposes for the world. For a broader explanation of the Bible’s grand narrative and Israel’s place within it, see The Bible Storyline by Michael J. Vlach.
Michael J. Vlach is a Bible teacher and author specializing in biblical theology, the covenants, the kingdom of God, and Israel’s role in Scripture. He has written several books on theology and the Bible’s grand narrative. More articles and resources are available at MichaelJVlach.com
